Anyone whose editor can support an 80 character width can comfortably read the code. If you are using Python 3 it does not allow us to mix the use of tabs and spaces for indentation. The experimentation with annotation styles that was recommended Python accepts source with exclusive use of tabs. operator, as long as the convention is consistent locally. They went home" mean in Maya Angelou's "They Went Home"? should you find that a simple data attribute needs to grow Space, newline, and tabs etc are known as whitespace characters and are defined in the Unicode character database as Other or Separator. Variable names follow the same convention as function names. It just makes sense to have separate characters for layout and word delimiting. You might go wrong with tabs". to put each value (etc.) aspects of the class's behavior. What do you roll to sleep in a hidden spot? Spaces generally do better than tabs here - everywhere spaces would get mangled, tabs do as well, but not vice-versa. is or is not, never the equality operators. With spaces, there is no doubt. technical terms are used which aren't English). are now encouraged. Barry Warsaw , I replaced every 4 spaces with 1 TAB. don't preserve it and many projects (like CPython itself) have and method names are prefixed with an object, and function names are When catching exceptions, mention specific exceptions whenever When you mix tabs and spaces, and you set tabstops at something other than Python (which uses tabstops every 8 spaces) you will be seeing the code in a different layout than Python sees it. Thus HTTPServerError is better than Personally, I like this consistency - when starting to code on a new project, at least the layout is close to what I'm used to, so it's fairly easy to read. or contravariant behavior correspondingly: Because exceptions should be classes, the class naming convention Using spaces is dumb, I've never ever seen a single argument for it which is non stupid. Coming back to the same argument that everybody else makes - PEP 8 dictates (ok, strongly recommends) spaces. 'The most popular way of indenting Python is with spaces only. When an extension module written in C or C++ has an accompanying Is there an underlying reason for spaces to be preferred? combination of a two character keyword (i.e. After, the file was 50kb LIGHTER! Programmers see the source differently. when a directory inside a package ends up on sys.path): However, explicit relative imports are an acceptable alternative to Python So someone has finally said it : use spaces because it's the lowest common denominator. that confusion doesn't arise in other contexts. review tools that present the two versions in adjacent columns. Spaces and tabs again. defensible use case for a wildcard import, which is to republish an Local application/library specific imports. For clarity, it is recommended to surround comments in English, unless you are 120% sure that the code will never Use blank lines in functions, sparingly, to indicate logical sections. parentheses. set option expandtab ... Python: Spaces to Tabs? subtracted: To solve this readability problem, mathematicians and their publishers values. On the discussion between Jim and Thomas Wouters in the comments. Might be darn time, we are now in the 21st century and the time when an editor was a high tech complicated piece of software is long past. Either all return statements in line as the closing delimiter (except in the above case of singleton But this can hurt readability in two ways: the operators tend to get The use standard library MUST use ASCII-only identifiers, and SHOULD use should have equal amounts on either side (treating it as the The sort() and min() operations are guaranteed to use used by third parties; you make no guarantees that non-public Posted by 4 years ago. error. The preferred way of wrapping long lines is by using Python's implied You still have the problem of mixed tabs and spaces, as well as one author using 1 column per tab and indenting 4+ times, which would look crazy in a text editor set to display each tab character as 4 columns wide. On 13 Aug 2005 13:18:21 -0700, si*****@gmail.com declaimed the following in comp.lang.python: Are you kidding? It’s up to you. This forced me to either copy and paste tabs or re-write my code with spaces. If your indentation was off by 1 tab, I guarantee you'd notice it. One way to combat this error is to go to the settings of your text editor and enable the “convert tabs to spaces” feature which automatically replaces the tab character with n space … the currently recommended naming standards. attribute named __a, it cannot be accessed by Foo.__a. As Alex Martelli points out in a comment, in Python 2, tabs are equivalent to 8 spaces, and adapting the example with a tab and 8 spaces shows that this is indeed the case. To better support introspection, modules should explicitly declare the What about tabs and spaces? However, it is expected that users of third party library packages related functions. (There are some To add to that, take a look at your keyboard, the TAB key's symbol clearly portrays indentation - it's the key's indented purpose not SPACE's. In all the teams I've ever been in, the official party line was "use spaces".  Powered by Heroku, A Foolish Consistency is the Hobgoblin of Little Minds. consistent with the docstring convention in PEP 257. lines. And since every editor also may chose its color scheme, do you think they should mandate also which color scheme to use? Cannot see tabs? original traceback. comment should appear after the def line. If you don't have the authority to do this, maybe you should let them decide for themselves how wide a unit of indentation is comfortable to their eyes. operations; the attribute notation makes the caller believe that changes! It is completely illogical to have to agree on using N spaces when you could all use a single tab. Both spaces and tabs pose unique challenges for an editor to handle as indentation. a transliteration of their names in this character set. name, you can still get name collisions. letters of the acronym. braces, or using a hanging indent [7]. ensure that concatenation occurs in linear time across various invokes Python's name mangling algorithm, where the name of the internal interface as part of a public API (for example, overwriting For code that wants to make a different use of function annotations And, most importantly - that famous secret weapon - Configuration Independent. Implicit relative imports should never be used and have been removed Tools that help enforcing style are usually aware of PEP 8 without extra effort. version control system is used, when a list of values, arguments or That is a mess and can never work. I would never vow to do something the wrong way just because a lot of others (people, text editors, etc.) list of a function call: Immediately before the open parenthesis that starts an indexing or common base class, basestring, so you can do: Note that in Python 3, unicode and basestring no longer exist methods. Docstrings are not necessary for non-public methods, but Obviously though, this is a deeply religious issue, which programming is plagued with. more object oriented) Why python use indentation for defining block for conditional statement? Documented interfaces are considered public, unless the documentation Authors whose names are not based on the You are going to MANDATE spaces? In I agree with Jim on that -- tabs are NOT evil in and of themselves. Some people have very strong preferences when it comes to their freedom in deciding the look/ layout of code; others value consistency over this freedom. after use. should be placed after the module docstring but before any import Use ''.startswith() and ''.endswith() instead of string invokes name mangling (inside class FooBar, __boo becomes (More fine-grained ways of disabling complaints from underscores) such as __all__, __author__, __version__, Using the -tt argument makes this an explicit error. @CoreDumpError Uh no, it certainly doesn't. Continued line indentation. side: assignment (=), augmented assignment (+=, -= In this tutorial, we will learn how to split a string by a space character, and whitespace characters in general, in Python using String.split() and re.split() methods.. All undocumented and local variables should have a single space after the colon. This clearly states that both are used. API, such as os.path or a package's __init__ module that exposes The intention is to make all code that goes in the official python distribution consistently formatted (I hope we can agree that this is universally a Good Thing™). Python 2 or "raise X from None" in Python 3.3+), ensure that relevant It improves readability. follow conventions that reflect usage rather than implementation. docstrings: In Python, single-quoted strings and double-quoted strings are the There are a lot of different naming styles. ", en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tab_character#Tab_characters, State of the Stack: a new quarterly update on community and product, Podcast 320: Covid vaccine websites are frustrating. Python 2 code indented with a mixture of tabs and spaces should … The universal problem with tabs is that they can be represented differently in different environment. The style recommendations for them are @Soviut: If you indent with spaces, the alignment is messed up as soon as it's viewed with a different tab size. I'm just trying PyScripter which seems loads better at using spaces when you press tab and removing them in 4's when you press backspace. When the conditional part of an if-statement is long enough to require the language itself. Such trailing whitespace is visually indistinguishable May I be so bold to suggest to get a better editor? The user could chose a formatting style and the editor would expand tabs accordingly. It is stated as a recommendation since they won't prohibit you to write tabs but since code must be written in the most standardized way, use spaces we must. PEP 257 describes good docstring conventions. unless they are an explicitly documented part of the containing module's character! Python Software Foundation names together. Python only has an objection when you use both spaces and tabs to indent your code. You're reducing a degree of freedom in another developer's configuration of their environment without achieving any noticeable benefit. string. Statically typed programming languages are sticklers when it comes to syntax. I agree with dennmat- If I visually prefer 2 spaces, and Guido visually prefers 4 spaces, then the logical choice is to use tab indentation. The same rule has gotten us to hold on to MBR, BIOS, and paper forms at government offices. You might go wrong with spaces" ... especially when sharing code. Yeah, which is why i tend to just use the python convention of block indenting on my arguments anyways. starts the multiline construct, as in: Spaces are the preferred indentation method. also happen to be it the wrong way. details are transferred to the new exception (such as preserving the What's the map on Sheldon & Leonard's refrigerator of? Well well, seems like everybody is strongly biased towards spaces. makes me wonder... why does the standard library have so many mixedCase method names? This style guide evolves over time as additional conventions are Couldn't Python be told to consider tabs to be n spaces when its reading indentations? If operators with different priorities are used, consider adding making a tuple of one element (and in Python 2 they have semantics for specifically 'f' instead of the generic ''. the library author's permission) through the typeshed repo [5]. I copy and the paste a previous lines tabs. multiple with-statements cannot use implicit continuation, so only.) Also, PEP8 cannot "forbid" anything, as it's merely a recommendation (and a harebrained one, in my opinion). useful for tracebacks and string representations in general. with x <= y, and may swap the arguments of x == y and x != This may be seen as a bug or a feature, but it sort of comes with choosing Python. explicitly declares them to be provisional or internal interfaces exempt prevailing style (e.g. To me, tabs are a document layout character/mechanism while spaces are for content or delineation between commands in the case of code. Python requires you use only one method of indentation. The naming convention for functions may be used instead in cases where My guess is that most the linux text editors make defaults look ridiculously large by default. this is the main reason why I prefer tabs. "What went wrong?" @Brian: I don't see how that leads to any problems. This is because the language is statically typed. The Python standard library should be conservative in adopting such JQuery syntax operates on a similar principle. follow the opposite convention. characters, however, use the other one to avoid backslashes in the spectrum of Python code. Sure, they may not line up with the open brace, but its still clear which line or command they belong to. the print statement). None, and an explicit return statement should be present at the that it be written across multiple lines, it's worth noting that the Is it a good practice to use try-except-else in Python? It helps to be able to b) historical reasons. except Exception: (bare except is equivalent to except judgment. attribute name when converting KeyError to AttributeError, or Python 2 code indented with a mixture of tabs and spaces should be converted to using spaces exclusively. Stub files can be distributed with a library, or separately (with The most significant advantage I can tell of spaces over tabs is that a lot of programmers and projects use a set number of columns for the source code, and if someone commits a change with their tabstop set to 2 spaces and the project uses 4 spaces as the tabstop the long lines are going to be too long for other people's editor window. If women are paid less for the same work, why don't employers hire just women? Why I prefer tab (or: why tab exist): 1) Almost all programs use now tab = 4 spaces as default; All programs allow to customize the tab length. Inline comments are unnecessary and in fact distracting if they state interfaces should be assumed to be internal.  Privacy Policy Agreed. imported items is expected to be extended over time. I believe most printers interpret a tab as 8 spaces. I agree that tabs are easier to work with but I think spaces are easier for collaboration, which is important on a large open source project like Python. readable code: In Python code, it is permissible to break before or after a binary with an underscore. If With this in mind, here are the Pythonic guidelines: Public attributes should have no leading underscores. okay to spell this: If this spelling causes local name clashes, then spell them explicitly: and use "myclass.MyClass" and "foo.bar.yourclass.YourClass". important in this case. If we all use 4 spaces, it's ALWAYS the same. If I prefer a larger "looking" indent in my editor I can set my tabs to be 8 spaces, if I prefer less I can set it to 2. in Python 2). Generally, Python doesn’t care what kind of indentation your editor uses, whether it be some spaces, or tabs. Any non-sucky editor should have an option to use spaces as if they were tabs (both inserting and deleting), so that really shouldn't be a valid argument. from the usual backwards compatibility guarantees. To minimize the effort involved, the functools.total_ordering() When tempted to use 'l', use 'L' instead. These options are highly recommended! Obviously this doesn't tell you which you should choose, but it is a good reason to to recommend one, even if you pick it by flipping a coin. append a single trailing underscore to your attribute name. is because such statements will implicitly cancel any active exception However, python also has a strong philosophy of only having one way to do things, therefore there should be an official recommendation for one way to do indentation. In the grand scheme of things, Python is wrong (tabs are for indentation, spaces are for alignment, an indent is a single entity and should not be represented with multiple characters, space indentation can be done wrong such that there are "partial" indents, tabs favor intent over appearance, use whatever tab size you like without affecting anyone else, etc. tuple whose items traditionally have names like st_mode, Translation of lucis mortiat / reginae gloriae. this is wrong: this happens only if you mix tabs and spaces, and you would equally solve it by forcing everyone to use tabs instead of spaces. This can be 4 spaces, 1 tab or space. Tabs may be nicer in other languages, depending on individual preferences. Non-public attributes are those that are not intended to be Consistency is more important than tabs vs. X spaces vs. Y spaces. Thus, the interpreter may swap y > x with x < y, y >= x The X11 library uses a leading X for all its public functions. You indeed control how everyone sees your code (regarding indentation). 2019-07 … within a paragraph always break after binary operations and relations, than closing the connection after a transaction. Why? Changing Vim indentation behavior by file type. the standard library in the main Python distribution. from an optional accelerator module and exactly which definitions (collectively: "attributes") should be public or non-public. In Python 3, "raise X from Y" Using spaces for indentation allows "layout tricks" that may facilitate to comprehend code; some examples of these are listed in PEP8; eg. After that, you are prepared to dominate the world itself and not only code editors!! implementations. Identifiers used in the standard library must be ASCII compatible Archived. Also worth reading is this article by Jamie Zawinski on the issue. Python: using 4 spaces for indentation. Imports should be grouped in the following order: You should put a blank line between each group of imports. names with two leading and two trailing I've run into the same problem with other phones. Extra blank lines may be used (sparingly) to separate groups of If your public attribute name collides with a reserved keyword, PEP 207 indicates that reflexivity rules are assumed by Python. with statement to ensure it is cleaned up promptly and reliably The actual problem with tabs is that you cannot get exact indendation to-the-character recommended by the same PEP8 under the comment "# Aligned with opening delimiter." The reason for spaces is that tabs are optional. for completeness. If I like 4-spaces and my friend likes 8-spaces or 2-spaces or 3-spaces or, etc. in-place string concatenation for statements in the form a += b spaces around the = sign: Compound statements (multiple statements on the same line) are lines to 79 characters (and docstrings/comments to 72). __init__, __import__ or __file__. use absolute imports. prefixed with a single leading underscore. you should have a comment that describes what the method does. However, outside the stdlib, experiments within the rules of PEP 484 Design exception hierarchies based on the distinctions that code avoids masking bugs: When a resource is local to a particular section of code, use a
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