We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website. However, corals in the Gulf of Aqaba, in the northernmost portion of the Red Sea, are able to withstand water temperature irregularities that have caused severe bleaching or mortality in most hard corals elsewhere. However, reef development varies from north to south in the Red Sea. The Red Sea reef system is one of the world’s longest, stretching down some 4,000 kilometers (2,485 miles) of coastline. This website uses Google Analytics to collect anonymous information such as the number of visitors to the site, and the most popular pages. The Red Sea, So, it is necessary to recognize the threats facing coral reefs from anthropogenic activities and try to minimize and mitigate these impacts. The sedimentation in the ocean that became the threats to coral reef are the sedimentation that can’t be destroy naturally. Porites lutea was the single most abundant coral throughout SARS, and the dominant species on leeward reef crests and slopes, while reef slopes and deeper coral carpets were predominantly Porites columnaris and P. rus. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45201-1_27. These cookies should be enabled at all times. Watch 'reef residents' eating an early lunch: 11:00am. Despite bringing in millions of tourists every year, local hotels are also pumping significant amounts of chemicals and waste products into the sea, and alongside local oil rigs, they are considered to be among the main Red Sea coral reef threats in existence. It is one of the longest continuous living reefs in the world, extending along 4,000 kilometers of the Red Sea’s shoreline. You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in settings. A coral beach in the Red sea, Eilat, May 29, 2009. Climate change poses a multitude of threats to this international treasure. Included in this catch-all category are atoll-like rings of coral, elongated coral ridges that rise abruptly from considerable depths on both sides, and peculiar complex reef patterns of odd shapes. Asia. During the past four or five years alone, upwards of 30 per cent of this immense reef structure has come under direct threat of extinction, or has already died off, as a result of global warming. On Jordan’s short stretch of Red Sea coast, there are 400 species of coral and 500 species of fish. Mortality was attributed to bleaching events, disease, and outbreaks of corallivores occurring over the last 10–15 years. UAE-Israeli oil pipeline is an ecological disaster, threat to Red Sea coral reef. Most of our cookies are used to improve website security and reduce spam. Red Sea corals face severe threats from destructive human activity. According to the 2011, Status of Coral Reefs of the World, the Red Sea is extremely vulnerable to environmental threats posed by large coastal populations, overfishing, pol- lution, and coastal development (Burke et al. You can view our complete Privacy Policy here. Another large threat is physical harm from coastal mines and quarries. Copyright © 2021 Blane Perun's TheSea. First Online 03 April 2015; DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45201-1_27 Scientists estimate that by mid-century approximately 90% of the world’s coral reefs will be severely degraded because they cannot survive in the warming waters of the world’s oceans. Currently the red sea coral reef is under threat from various issues. The Red Sea is one of the most important repositories of marine biodiversity in the world. (eds) The Red Sea. Coral populations around the world are under threat from bleaching caused by climate change, these reefs are stable due to their unique heat resistance. In many cases, the Porites framework had been recolonized by faviids, acroporids, and other corals and these had subsequently died. And as one of the last coral reefs to survive, the Red Sea reefs could potentially “form a refuge where it becomes one of the few remaining reefs with full ecosystem function”, says Grottoli. Coral reefs face many threats from local sources, including: Physical damage or destruction from coastal development, dredging, quarrying, destructive fishing practices and gear, boat anchors and groundings, and recreational misuse (touching or removing corals). The coral reefs in the Gulf of Aqaba – the northern tip of the Red Sea, bordered by Jordan, Egypt, Israel, and Saudi Arabia – continue to survive in spite of climate change and increasing water temperatures. Several sites also exhibited signs of recent mortality from crown of thorns sea stars (Acanthaster), coraleating snails, and coral disease. The main threats to the reef include sewage and waste from power, desalination and chemical plants as well as this refineries and many other similar manufacturers. April 3, 2015 Rapid ocean warming due to … Take for example the Great Barrier Reef, the Earth’s largest coral reef structure (the size of Italy!). Pocillopora was the dominant taxon in Yanbu, widespread in Al Wajh, and much less common in northern and southern sites. Even though Red Sea reefs are unique, at present there is only a single UNESCO world heritage site in the Red Sea (Sudan). Agence France-Presse Feb 16, 2021 11:18:55 IST. The coral reef can’t live in the dirty place. Most degraded areas appeared to be rebounding, as substrates had high cover of crustose coralline algae (CCA), little macroalgae, and high numbers of coral recruits and juvenile corals…, The Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation is dedicated to the conservation and restoration of living oceans and pledges to champion their preservation through research, education and a commitment to Science Without Borders.®, © 2021 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, Web Design and Development by Reading Room. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Populations along the Red Sea in Israel, Egypt and Jordan are expected to surge. Coral collecting: Particularly beautiful coral species, like black and red coral, which are used to make jewelry, are heavily harvested. In each region, many reefs (15–36 %) showed signs of damage and had less than 5 % live coral cover. These degraded sites were characterized by extensive dead skeletons in growth position, substrates colonized by thick mats of turf algae and soft corals (Xenia), and surviving massive and plating corals that were subdivided by partial mortality into numerous small (<10 cm) ramets. To better understand the current status of coral reefs in SARS, the Living Oceans Foundation conducted assessments of representative reef environments in the Farasan Islands (2006), Ras Al-Qasabah (2007), Al Wajh and Yanbu (2008), and the Farasan Banks (2009). The HEPCA (Hurghada Environmental Protection & Conservation Association) NGO warned on Sunday that coral reefs in Hurghada, Red Sea are in serious danger as a result of fishing with explosives and throwing waste in the sea, according to a recent statement. The coral reef ecosystem in the Red Sea’s Gulf of Aqaba is strikingly resilient to rising sea temperatures, say researchers. Andrew W. Bruckner and Alexandra C. Dempsey, The Saudi Arabian Red Sea (SARS) contains diverse shallow water coral reef systems that include attached (fringing and dendritic reefs) and detached (platform, patch, tower, ribbon, and barrier reefs) reef systems extending up to 90 km offshore. Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, Providing science-based solutions to protect and restore ocean health, Please find an excerpt of the full PDF below. Pollution that originates on land but finds its way into coastal waters. No longer is the Red Sea a pristine location to witness the spectacle of marine life and coral reefs. Faviids (Goniastrea and Echinopora) were the next most abundant corals, especially in areas that had experienced a disturbance, although these were small (most <15 cm diameter) and made up a small fraction of the total live coral cover. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. What are coral reefs? The Red Sea is a unique body of water, hosting some of the most productive and diverse coral reefs. In: Rasul N., Stewart I. Content: Climate Change; Ocean Acidification; Pollution; Algae And Bacteria; Increased Sedimentation; Toxic Chemicals; Marine Debris 2011). 2. An estimated 25 percent of all marine species depend on coral reefs during at least some portion of their life cycle (NOAA, 2019a). the coral reefs of the Egyptian Red Sea represents a challenge to sustainability. Please enable Strictly Necessary Cookies first so that we can save your preferences! Coral cover throughout the region averaged about 20 %, with higher cover (often >50 %) in shallow water and rapid decline with increasing depth. They also enable us to save your preferences for cookie settings. In each region, many reefs (15–36 %) showed signs of damage and had less than 5 % live coral cover. Most sites had high structural complexity, with up to 52 genera of scleractinian corals recorded from a single region. On most reefs, a single species was dominant. Red Sea’s coral reefs are in serious trouble: Environmental NGO. Corals in the Gulf of Aqaba, at the northernmost portion of the Red Sea, withstand water temperature irregularities that cause severe bleaching or mortality in most hard corals elsewhere. Coral cover throughout the region averaged about 20 %, with higher cover (often >50 %) in shallow water and rapid decline with increasing depth. It looks like nothing was found at this location. The Red Sea also contains numerous offshore reefs that defy classic reef type categorization. The Red Sea Coral Reef is the Northernmost reef in the world. The Status, Threats, and Resilience of Reef-Building Corals of the Saudi Arabian Red Sea. As is the case with sea stars and sand dollars, this type of harvesting can cause rapid declines in target species. Biodiversity in the Egypt’s Red Sea 2.1. Living corals varied in abundance and cover by region, habitat, and depth, with the highest species richness documented in the south (Farasan Banks), followed by Al Wajh and Yanbu and lowest at Ras Al-Qasabah. It's relative isolation has given rise to an extraordinary range of ecosystems, biological diversity and endemism, particularly among reef fishes and reef-associated organisms. Multi-specific Acropora assemblages often formed large thickets, but these were restricted in distribution. (Anna Kaplan/Flash90) Over half a billion people globally depend on coral reef ecosystems for food, income from tourism and fisheries, and coastal protection (Hoegh-Guldberg, 2011). Keeping this cookie enabled helps us to improve our website. The Red Sea provides for a rapidly growing population of more than 28 million people living along its coastline. The family is a very large one – the. The reef architecture was constructed by massive and columnar Porites, with unusually large (1–4 m diameter) colonies in shallow water (up to 80 % live cover in 2–10 m depth) and a deeper reef Porites framework that was mostly dead. The impending loss of the world’s coral reefs threatens the health and socio-economic well-being of hundreds of millions of people and could substantially disrupt multiple marine ecosystems. Not only are coral reefs sensitive to environmental changes and anthropogenic pressure, they are also a tourist attraction and Egypt is a developing country that relies on tourism income. Try the search below. Coral reefs spanning thousands of kilometers along the coastline in the region are under threat of … Threats to the reef will accumulate in the decades ahead. While coral populations around the world are under threat from bleaching caused by climate change, the reefs in Eilat have remained stable due to their unique heat resistance. A combination of belt transects and quadrats was used to assess the diversity, size structure, partial mortality, condition, and recruitment of the dominant reef-building corals. Human populations along coasts of the Red Sea were initially sparse due to the hot and arid climate surrounding it, but this is changing with improved desalination techniques, accessible energy, and increased economic interest in coastal areas. Springer Earth System Sciences. Branching corals are often broken off and sold as souvenirs or beachy home décor. coral reef systems in Hurghada, the Red Sea, Egypt." The largest city of Guadeloupe that also serves as an economic center for the entire region is the perfect holiday, Enjoy Night Dives and Shipwrecks in Barbados Located in the western part of the Caribbean, Barbados has been known for, The Dunguaire Castle is a tower house that dates back to the 16th century, and was erected on the southeastern, Seahorses and pipefishes belong to the family of fish called Syngnathidae. Regional collaboration and concerted efforts: as coral reefs worldwide are under threat from global and local stress, the northern Red Sea coral reef refuge deserves special protection measures. The sediment it self usually come from the trash that we throw to the sea and drown in there. The fact that the Red Sea coral reefs are the best developed in the western Indian Ocean is not surprising; more than 60 different genera of reef forming corals are found in the Red Sea alone with an exceedingly large recorded number of species. The Guardian reports on heat tolerance of Red Sea corals and the threats they face Times of Israel reports scientists call for regional effort to protect RS corals Eurasia Review writes that international researchers calls upon UNESCO to declare the Red Sea’s coral reef as a Marine World Heritage Site. Despite political tensions between countries along the Red Sea, researchers band together to call upon UNESCO to declare the Red Sea’s entire coral reef as a Marine World Heritage Site. The following article discusses the different threats to the coral reefs. This article on the status of Red Sea corals is a direct result of the research conduction by the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation during its missions to the Red Sea, including Farasan Islands (2006), Ras Al-Qasabah (2007), Al Wajh and Yanbu (2008), and the Farasan Banks (2009). Bruckner A.W., Dempsey A.C. (2015) The Status, Threats, and Resilience of Reef-Building Corals of the Saudi Arabian Red Sea. All rights reserved. A diver swims above a garden of stony corals on the Great Barrier Reef, which is more than 1,250 miles long. Scientists and researchers from the World Resources Institute have estimated that two-thirds of the world's coral reefs are facing serious threats. But, pollution is threatening the biodiversity of the region. Springer Earth System Sciences 2015, pp 471-486 Pollution in the Red Sea has reached epic proportions. The Red Sea’s reef is one of the lon… This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible.
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